Volume 9, No. 1.4Scholar : National School of Leadership

A large number of medicinal plants and their purified constituents have shown beneficial therapeutic potentials. In order to promote the use of medicinal plants as potential sources of antimicrobial compounds, it is important to thoroughly investigate their composition and activity and thus validate their use. The objectives of the present study are to analyze qualitative preliminary phytochemical screeningand antimicrobial properties of Abrus precatoriusL . The qualitative preliminary phytochemical performed in aqueous extracts and ethanolic extracts of Abrus precatoriusL were done and the bioactive compound was indentified with TLC , GC-MS and UV-VIS analysis. TLC of plant extract shows three bands for the presence of phenolic compound and Rf values were 0.4,0.45,and 0.48.The UV-VIS shows the spectra at278 and 457 nm confirms the organic chromophores and fifty compounds were identified in the ethanolic extracts by GC-MS.The major components present in the Abrusprecatoriuswere αCyclooctanedione ,Furanone , 2,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furan-3-one , 2-Oxopentanedioic acid ,PropenylFormate ,and various other compounds were identified as low level. These phytochemical are responsible for various pharmacological actions.

Fe 3 O 4 -TiO 2 nanocomposite photocatalyst with different weight percentage (5, 10, and 15 wt %) of Fe 3 O 4 loaded On TiO 2 were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method for removal of methylene blue dye under direct sunlight. The characterization of the as prepared product was done with scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was used as modal reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanoparticles under visible light irradiation . The influence of doping amount of Fe 3 O 4 (5, 10, 15 wt% ) on photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 was investigated. Broadened absorption spectra has describe that the size of Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 particle decreased with increased absorption intensity. The doping amount remarkably affects the activity of the catalyst, and the optimum efficiency occurs at about the doping amount of 10 wt%. The catalytic activity of TiO 2 increased for methylene blue (MB).

The most common (about 80%) renal stones are calculi of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal. CaOx crystals, primary constituent of human renal stones, exist in the form of CaOx Monohaydrate (COM) and CaOx Dihydrate (COD).Antiurolithiatic Potential of Musa balbisiana and Musa acuminata has been described. The aqueous extract of Musa balbisiana and Musa acuminata flower have inhibitory effect on CaOx crystallization thus may be beneficial in the treatment of Urolithiasis but there is a need of detailed investigation in elaborated preclinical experimentations and clinical trials to establish the use of plant as antiurolithiatic agent.

The infrared spectra of the prepared complexes EtMeim)2(CuCl2Br2), , (EtMeim)2(PdCl2Br2) show the strong bands assigned to (C-H) and (C-N) Amination reaction supported by medium intensity band at IR and NMR spectrum .The stretching frequency of (C=C)and (C-N) stretching vibration assigned to(M-Cl) for the complexes.These data indicate that the ligands is coordinated with the metal atom . The NMR spectrum of these complexes EtMeim)2(CuCl2Br2), , (EtMeim)2(PdCl2Br2) was measured by using DMSO-d6 as solvent.A suitable palladium and copper catalyst system for the imidazolium supported ionic liquids has been developed.

 The project of this thesis is the comparative study of sodium borohydride catalyzed reactions and to synthesize benzyl alcohol via the reduction reaction of Benzaldehyde. Then it will be check for antibacterial property using Disc Diffusion Method. The scope of the work is highly effective in medical field because of its Antibacterial property. In my work I have compared the sodium borohydride catalyzed reaction by taking ethyl acetoacetate for one reaction and Benzaldehyde for another reaction with sodium borohydride. Spectral (FT-IR) Method was used to establish the bond shifting of carbonyl group into hydroxyl group. The main objectives of the thesis Comparison sodium borohydride catalyzed reaction, Synthesis of benzyl alcohol, Detection of the compound by TLC, Characterization by FT-IR, Evaluation of anti-bacterial property.

The photocatalytic activity of, Ag NPs loaded TiO2 nanorods and spheres prepared through simple hydrothermal and solvothermal methods towards photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. It is planned to synthesis TiO2 NRs and TiO2 NSs via hydrothermal and solvothermal method followed by deposition of Ag through chemical reduction method. The structure and morphology of Ag-TiO2 are characterized through X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic activity of TiO2-Ag nanorods and nanospheres is also compare

A probe into the literature survey clearly reveals no work has been carried out for the synthesis of (E)-2-(2, 6-dichlorobenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (DHC)using 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide. Aim and scope of the work is highly effective medicinal hydrazide derivative has been synthesized from Schiff base route and also synthesized its some transition metal complexes. The structure of the ligand DHC and its complexes were carried various spectral studies. From these studies, I know about the knowledge of organic chemistry and spectroscopy. In my present work, we have to synthesis of (E)-2-(2, 6-dichloro benzylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide and establish the structure through the analytical (elemental and TLC) and spectral (IR, H 1 NMR and C 13 NMR) methods of characterization.

The objectives of the present study are to analyze qualitative preliminary phytochemical screeningand antimicrobial properties of Abrus precatoriusL . The qualitative preliminary phytochemical performed in aqueous extracts and ethanolic extracts of Abrus precatoriusL were done and the bioactive compound was indentified with TLC plant extract shows three bands for the presence of phenolic compound and Rf values were 0.4,0.45,and 0.48.The UV-VIS shows the spectra at278 and 457 nm confirms the organic chromophores and fifty compounds were identified in the ethanolic extracts by GC-MS.The major components present in the Abrusprecatoriuswere αCyclooctanedione ,Furanone , 2,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furan-3-one , 2-Oxopentanedioic acid ,PropenylFormate ,and various other compounds were identified as low level. These phytochemical are responsible for various pharmacological actions. The structure of the identification of ibuprofen sodium using Infra-red spectroscopy were carried various spectral studies. From these studies, i do know about the knowledge of chemistry and spectroscopy. The main objective of this study is to specified and unspecified impurities using high performance liquid chromatography, Assay method of Ibuprofen methods of characterization.

The coordination science of metallic nitrogen and sulfur mixes is a wellspring of incitement to many examination laborers, because of the way that it has special sound system compound, electrical, attractive materials, electronic, optoelectronics part and sensor in bioinorganic science. The utilization of blended giver ligands has expanded because of their reactant capability of their metal buildings in various natural transformation.(1) They are significant in homogeneous catalysis since they give adjustment and brief coordinative immersion to the metal community through chelation until a functioning site is required.(2) An enormous number of giver ligands with numerous contributor type stages (O,S,N,P,etc… .), charge and coordination number have been described(3,4) . The giver ligands of type N are especially fascinating. They are right now utilized as demonstrating dynamic destinations for metalloanzymes (5) furthermore, they have been applied for electrical transmitters and restorative chemistry(6).They show a hard contributor (N) and delicate giver (S) that can organize to a wide scope of metal particles .They can tie to a similar metal specifically coordination state giving an alternate bond strength and obligation for every contributor iota. There is too a current interest in the fuse of these N, S giver molecules (normally the ligands contain mix of imidazole gatherings or pyrazolyle or thiolato or thioether utilitarian groups)in macrocycles and in polydentate ligands to test the naturally applicable coordination's science, the supramolecular science ,or the electrical conduction or synergist response of various metals(7) Established researchers has demonstrated expanding revenue in heterogeneous annular - N-mixes and its symmetric buildings, for its capacity educating 2 spanning and interfacing during more acidic carbon iotas, imidazolium or benzimidazol rings for framing mixes containing spacer CH2CH2 or CH2CH2 CH2CH2(8). The logical has introduced different investigations about ionic fluids in green planning during ongoing year's .also, ionic fluids are drawing in extensive consideration as adaptable media and materials due to their impossible to miss physicochemical properties, warm soundness, and simple reusing (9) These days, natural salts, ionic salts and buildings have been utilized in the expulsion of sulfur mixes from diesel fuel for utilization of its particular physical and compound properties .Such as its warm soundness, and its dissolvability for an enormous number of inorganic and natural compounds

The prepared complexes [EtMeim]2[NiCl4], [BenzMeim]2[CoCl4] , assigned to (C-H) and (C=N) appeared at aromatic and aliphatic respectively This was supported by the appearance of new medium intensity band in the spectrum of the complexes which assigned to stretching frequency of (C=C) assigned to(M-Cl) for the complexes.These data indicate that the ligands is coordinated with the metal atom . Imidazolium functionalised ionic liquids [EtMeim]2 Cl and metal complexes Ni and Co were found to play a role as a heterogenous catalyst for (C=C) (C=N) and formation.

The chemistry of macromolecule like shiff bases get major attension becouse of its immobilization activities and hence they are alternatives for biopolymer biosensors in lot of various industries. The polymer based macromolecule coordinate with metal and the resulting material act as sensors .In this work, we synthesised  (E)-2-(3,4,5trimethoxy benzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide and establish its structure through the analytical (elemental and TLC) and spectral (IR, H1 NMR and C13 NMR) methods of characterization .The structure of the ligand THC and its complexes were carried out. The changes in the structural features of the ligands are observed in the fingerprint region (4000-400 cm-1). The bands due to the metal ligand bonds are mainly observed in the far IR region (600-100 cm-1). In the present study, IR spectra of the compounds were recorded using Perkin Elmer spectrum RXI using KBr pellets at frequency range 4000-400 cm-1. 1H NMR of the ligands were recorded using Bruker 300 MHz Avance –II FT-NMR Spectrometer with DMSO-d6 as the solvent and TMS as internal standard. 13 C NMR of the synthesized compounds were recorded on 75 MHz Bruker Spectrometer at 298.6 K using DMSO-d6 as solvent.

A probe into the literature survey clearly reveals no work has been carried out for the synthesis of (E)-N’-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene) nicotinohydrazide) using 2,4- dichlorobenzaldehyde and nicotine hydrazide. Aim and scope of the work is highly effective medicinal hydrazide derivatives have been synthesized from Schiff base route. The structure of the ligand (E)-N’-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene) nicotinohydrazide) and its complexes were carried various spectral studies. From these studies, I know about the knowledge of organic chemistry and spectroscopy.In my present work, we have to synthesis (E)-N’-(2,4- dichlorobenzylidene) nicotinohydrazide) and establish the structure through the analytical (elemental and TLC) and spectral (IR, H1 NMR and C13 NMR) methods of characterization.

Exorbitant utilization of anti-microbials has presented two significant difficulties in open medical care. One of them is related with the improvement of multi-drug obstruction while the other one is connected to results. In the current examination, the writers report an imaginative way to deal with tackle the difficulties of multi-drug opposition and intense poisonousness of anti-toxins by utilizing anti-microbials adsorbed metal nanoparticles. Monodisperse silver nanoparticles (SNPs) have been blended by two-venture measure. In the initial step, SNPs were set up by compound decrease of AgNO3 with oleylamine and in the subsequent advance, oleylamine covered SNPs were stage moved into a fluid medium by ligand trade. Anti-toxins - antibiotic medication and kanamycin were additionally adsorbed on the outside of SNPs. Antibacterial exercises of SNPs and anti-toxin adsorbed SNPs have been researched on gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis), and gram-negative (Proteus vulgaris, Shigella sonnei, Pseudomonas fluorescens) bacterial strains. Synergistic impact of SNPs on antibacterial exercises of antibiotic medication and kanamycin has been noticed. Biocidal movement of antibiotic medication is improved by 0-346% when adsorbed on SNPs; while for kanamycin, the improvement is 110-289%. This synergistic impact of SNPs on biocidal exercises of anti-toxins might be useful in lessening their successful measurements.

Present work the progress of green chemistry in the synthesis of nanoparticles with the use of plants has engrossed a great attention. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were received potential interest due to their vast applications in the food industry. For such purpose, the development of novel and biological techniqus is in considerable demand for raising these materials to an industrial level. This letter portrays a novel method for the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using a Phyla nodiflora for the first time. The morphology structure and stability of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were studied using UV-spectro photometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results were depicted that the synthesized nanoparticles are moderately stable, roughly spherical with maximum particles in size range within 9-10 nm in diameter.

Pyridine is structurally similar to benzene,The pyridine ring possesing six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. In Pyridine five methine (=CH−) group and one nitrogen atom constitute six a membered ring . It is a weakly basic colorless liquid with unpleasant fish smell .The pyridine rings occurs in importance compounds including pharamaceuticals ,and vitamins .Basicity of pyridine is governed by availability of lone pair of electron and is behave as tertiary amine. A probe into the literature survey clearly reveals that no work has been carried out for Cu(II) complex of(2,3 – dichlorobenzylidene picolinohydrazide) 2,3 diclorobenzaldhyde and 2- pyridine carboxylic acid hydrayide.work deals with highly effective medicinal isoniazide derivatives, have been synthesized from Schiff base route and also its Cu(II) metal complex were synthesized.The structure of the ligand dichlorobenzylidene picolinohydrazide and its Cu(II) complex were undergone various spectral studies. In present work an attempt has been made for the synthesis of (2,3dichlorobenzylidene nicotinohydrazide) its metal complex of Cu(II) and to establish the structure through the Analytical Techniques such as Elemental test and TLC and Spectral Studies such as IR ,1H NMR and 13C1 NMR methods used for their characterizations..

1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) is among the most beneficial scaffolds that have revolutionized pharmaceutical research with unprecedented biological properties. 1,4-dihydropyridines are generally synthesized by Huntzsch reaction which involve the condensation of aldehyde, betaketoester, and ammonia or ammonium acetate. A number of improved methods have been reported in the literature for this condensation which involves the use of microwave, ionic liquids, TMSI etc. This work involves the synthesis of Diethyl4-(phenyl)’2,6-dimethyl-1,4-Dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate by the condensation of ethyl acetoacetate, benzaldehyde and ammonium acetate in presence of an effective catalyst Ceric(IV) Ammonium Nitrate in methanol, characterization of the sample by TLC, column chromatography and NMR. The work involve also the antibacterial activity of 1, 4-dihydropyridine. Huntzsch 1, 4- dihydropyridines and their derivatives have gained great importance in the field of medicinal chemistry since they display a fascinating array of pharmacological properties. 1, 4-dihydropyridines are well known as calcium channel blockers and important classes of drugs for the treatment of several cardiovascular

A hydrothermal method combining a calcination process was conducted to synthesize nickel sulphate(NiS)hierarchical architectureswithcontrollablemorphologiesandsizes.First,severalhollowNiShierarchicalarchitectures assembled by NiSnanosheets had been synthesized through the solvothermal method. The nucleationmediated mechanism overwhelmingly determined the morphology of hollowNiSarchitectures through tuning the nucleation rate. The NiSspheres could be formed in the case of high nucleation rate. However, NiS hierarchical architecture could be obtained from the precursor without changing their morphologies by a simple calcination procedure. 

Heavy metal pollution is nowadays one of the most important environmental concerns. Anthropogenic activities like metalliferous mining and smelting, agriculture, waste disposal or industry discharge a variety of metals such as Ag, As, Au, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rd, Sn, Th, U and Zn, which can produce harmful effects on human health when they are taken up in amounts that cannot be processed by the organism. Physical and chemical methods have been proposed for the removal of these pollutants. Conventional methods to remediate heavy metals contaminated site are excavation and solidification/ stabilization, these technologies are suitable to control contamination but not permanently remove heavy metals. Nevertheless, they have some disadvantages, among them cost-effectiveness limitations, generation of hazardous by-products or inefficiency. Biological methods solve these drawbacks since they are easy to operate, do not produce secondary pollution. Heavy metals having relatively high density are toxic at low concentration. Microorganisms and plant are usually used for the removal of heavy metals. Bioremediation is increasingly considered for clean-up of metal contaminated and polluted ecosystem. All the metals are toxic, but some of these are useful in low concentration. These large verity of heavy metals cause serious water pollution

In terms of the diversity of quinolines, 2,4-dichloro compounds can play a role as key intermediates in synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted quinolines by possible stepwise substitution at C4 and C2 positions, where the chance for study of regioselectivity is more. This obvious significance prompted us to study the selectivity referred to 2,4-dichloroquinolines, in which one of the chlorine is selectively replaced under controlled temperature to yield new molecular structures with high pharmacological importance or with interesting properties.

 Imaginative arrangements utilizing biopolymer-based materials made of a few constituents appears to be especially appealing for bundling in biomedical and drug applications. In this course, some advancement has been utilized the electrospinning cycle towards fiber development dependent on biopolymers and natural mixes for the arrangement of novel bundling materials. Electrospinning can be utilized to make nanofiber mats portrayed by high immaculateness of the material, which can be utilized to make dynamic and current biomedical and drug bundling. Wise clinical and biomedical bundling with the utilization of polymers is a comprehensively and quickly developing field of interest for ventures and the scholarly world. Among different polymers, alginate has found numerous applications in the food area, biomedicine, and bundling. For instance, in medication conveyance frameworks, a cross section made of nanofibres created by the electrospinning strategy is profoundly wanted.Electrospinning for biomedicine depends on the utilization of biopolymers and regular substances, alongside the mix of medications, (for example, naproxen, sulfikoxazol) and fundamental oils with antibacterial properties, (for example, tocopherol, eugenol). This is a striking technique because of the capacity of creating nanoscale materials and designs of uncommon quality, permitting the substances to be embodiedwhat's more, the medications/organically dynamic substances put on polymer nanofibers. Along these lines, in this article we momentarily sum up the new advances on electrospinning of biopolymers with specific accentuation on use of Alginate for biomedical and drug applications.