BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY OF CELLULASE ISOLATED FROM DIFFFRENT BIOLOGICAL SOURCE

Abstract

Bioethanol production can be produced by plant residues that are rich in lignocellulose and cellulose. Ethanol for use in alcoholic beverages, and the vast majority of ethanol for use as biofuel, is produced by fermentation, in which certain species ofyeast (e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or bacteria (e.g., Zymomonasmobilis) metabolize sugars in oxygen-lean conditions to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide. In this study the bioethanol production from husk extract was carried out by endosymbiotic facultative anaerobic bacteria.Out of the four of cellulase-producing bacterial strains isolated from termite gut during this study, the ES1 isolate was found to have cellulase and amylase enzyme production. This isolate was known as Bacillus cereus. The effects of different growth parameters, including pH and shaking were investigated to optimize the growth conditions of the bacterium. The maximum cellulase activity was achieved at pH of 7 and an incubation temperature of 35°C. The results showed the liberation of 2.4 g/L of reducing sugar during fermentation. This total reducing sugar produced 17.0 g/L of ethanol after 48 hours when B.cereus was used as a fermentation agent. Hence, bioethanol was successfully produced from the cellulose of rice husk residue using the cellulase enzyme from B. cereus.