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Peer Reviewed Article

Vol. 2 No. 01 (2026): DSJEM

Instant and Rapid Paddy Drying Techniques: A Review of Engineering Developments and Applications

Submitted
March 7, 2026
Published
June 21, 2026

Abstract

Post-harvest losses in paddy reach 20–30% due to fungal and insect damage from improper drying, with traditional open-sun methods causing uneven moisture removal, cracking, and mycotoxins like aflatoxins (up to 88% in undried grains). This comprehensive review synthesizes global advances in instant paddy drying technologies—defined as rapid reduction of moisture from 20–25% to safe storage levels of 12–15% within minutes to one hour using fluidized bed dryers (FBDs), microwave-infrared hybrids, superheated steam, and solar-biomass integrations. Key performance metrics include drying times reduced from 7 hours (convective hot air) to under 1-hour, specific energy consumption (SEC) lowered from 4–8 MJ/kg water to 1–4 MJ/kg, and energy efficiencies improved by 20–80% through heat recovery and closed-loop systems.

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